Search results for "Enteral administration"
showing 10 items of 21 documents
Controlled trial comparing two types of enteral nutrition in treatment of active Crohn's disease: elemental versus polymeric diet.
1991
International audience; To determine whether an elemental diet or a polymeric defined formula diet would be more effective for treating active Crohn's disease, we conducted a prospective randomised clinical trial in 30 patients with active Crohn's disease unresponsive to steroids and/or complicated by malnutrition. They received a four to six week enteral nutrition course with either an elemental diet or a polymeric diet. Clinical remission occurred in 10 of the 15 patients on elemental diet compared with 11 of the 15 patients assigned to polymeric diet. Both groups showed similar improvements in nutritional status, biological inflammation, alpha 1 antitrypsin clearance, and colonoscopic le…
Multi-omics profiling reveals that eating difficulties developed consecutively to artificial nutrition in the neonatal period are associated to speci…
2015
Prolonged enteral or parenteral nutrition in neonatal periods sometimes results in eating difficulties persisting for years, with reduced food intake through the oral route and thereby reduced stimulation of the oral cavity. Aiming at describing the consequences on oral physiology, saliva of 21 children with eating difficulties (ED) was compared to that of 23 healthy controls, using various omics and targeted methods. Overall, despite heterogeneity within the groups (age, medication etc.), the three spectral methods (MALDI-TOF, SELDI-TOF, (1)H NMR) allowed discriminating ED and controls, confirming that oral stimulation by food intake plays a role in shaping the composition of saliva. Saliv…
Efecto in vitro de la adición de resinas de intercambio iónico sobre la biodisponibilidad de electrolitos en fórmulas de nutrición enteral artificial
2008
The in vitro effect of the addition of ion exchange resins on the bioavailability of electrolytes in artificial enteral feeding formulas Objective: To determine in vitro free ion concentration in three standard artificial enteral feeding formulas following the addition of ion exchange resins. Method: Three standard types of AEF were chosen: Osmolite HN®, Nutrison Standard® and Isosource Standard®. The ion exchange resins used were: Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate and Calcium Polystyrene Sulfonate. 100 ml of AEF were mixed in a beaker with 1.5 g or 3 g of ion exchange resins for 48 hours at 37oC. Subsequently, the samples were precipitated and the supernatant obtained was used for determining t…
Impact of nutritional status on the oral bioavailability of leucine administered to rats as part of a standard enteral diet.
2010
Summary Background To investigate the absorption and relative bioavailability of leucine administered orally as part of an enteral diet in well and malnourished animals. Methods Two groups – RN (regular nutrition) and PCR (protein-calorie restricted) – were fed with different diets for 23–25 days. Rats from each group were assigned randomly to one of three treatments (water, T-Diet Plus Standard ® (problem) or Isosource ST ® (reference)) administered in single ( N = 76) or multiple ( N = 39) doses. Blood samples were assayed for leucine content. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated by non-compartmental analysis. Log-transformed AUC(s) were statistically compared by analysis of varian…
Ernährung bei Patienten mit Kopf-Hals-Tumoren
2005
Nutrition in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer. Malnutrition is common in patients with head and neck cancer. Due to natural course of disease or therapy, malnutrition may increase. This leads to a reduced prognosis, quality of life, and should be considered in early stages of the disease. First choice is an enteral feeding via a nasogastral feeding tube or a PEG. In special cases a parenteral nutrition may be necessary.
ENTERAL NUTRITION SUPPORT TO TREAT MALNUTRITION IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
2015
Malnutrition is a common consequence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Diet has an important role in the management of IBD, as it prevents and corrects malnutrition. It is well known that diet may be implicated in the aethiology of IBD and that it plays a central role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal tract disease. Often oral nutrition alone is not sufficient in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal tract disease. Often oral nutrition alone is not sufficient in the management of IBD patients, especially in children or elederly, and must be combined with oral supplementation or replaced with tube enteral nutrition. In this review, we describe several different approaches to enteral …
Necrotizing enterocolitis in the preterm: newborns medical and nutritional Management in a Single-Center Study
2021
AbstractNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a typical disorder of preterm newborns, with a high mortality and morbidity rate. The therapeutic and nutritional management of disease depends on several factors. Its prognosis is linked, in addition to the severity of the disease and the need for surgery, to a correct enteral feeding in these patients. This study aims to identify the clinical characteristics of 18 patients with NEC, evaluating the different therapeutic paths undertaken, the type of formula used and the survival rate of this population. Average time of enteral nutrition before the NEC onset was 11,3 ± 11,6 days, with an average fasting period since the onset of 24 ± 18.9 days. 77.…
Pharmacokinetic interaction between efavirenz and ketoconazole in rats
2009
It is well known that efavirenz and ketoconazole act as an inducer and inhibitor of CYP3A4, respectively. As a result of these actions, co-administration of these drugs may result in changes in the pharmacoki- netic parameters of one or both of them. 2. Duodenum-cannulated rats have been used to compare the effect of intraduodenal (KC i.d. ) and intrave- nous administration of ketoconazole (KC i.v. ) on the pharmacokinetics of efavirenz after intraduodenal administration, as well as the potential effect of efavirenz as a CYP450 inducer on ketoconazole phar - macokinetic profile. 3. While KC i.v. did not show any significant effect on efavirenz pharmacokinetic profile, KC i.d. increased sig-…
Die operative Therapie einer segmentalen, primären intestinalen Lymphangiektasie des Jejunums mit ausgeprägtem Chylaskos
2011
Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) is a protein-losing, exsudative gastroenteropathy causing lymphatic obstruction. Diagnosis depends on clinical examination and histological findings. Conservative treatment modalities include a low-fat diet and enteral nutritional therapy in order to reduce enteric protein loss and to improve fat metabolism. Other treatment options consist of administration of antiplasmin or octreotide to lower lymph flow and secretion. We report on a 58-year-old patient who underwent exploratory laparotomy due to a worsening physical status, recurrent chylaskos and leg oedema under conservative dietary therapy. Intraoperative findings showed a typical PIL of the je…
Absorption of Drugs after Oral Administration
2007
After oral administration, drugs must be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract to achieve the systemic circulation and exert their pharmacological effects. The successful formulation of an optimized oral drug delivery system requires a detailed consideration and a good understanding of the intestinal absorption process, its possibilities and limitations. This article gives an overview and update on the concepts, possibilities, and limitations of drug absorption after oral administration. Keywords: oral administration; drug absorption; oral drug delivery system; gastrointestinal tract; intestinal absorption